Python OOPs

Python SQLite

Examples

Others

Python OOPs

Python SQLite

Examples

Others



Python Packages


A Python package is a collection of Python files, or modules, that are organized into a directory hierarchy to provide specific functionality. A package allows for a structured way to manage code and enables the reuse of modules across different projects. Packages often contain multiple modules, sub-packages, and an optional __init__.py file to indicate that the directory is a package.

Create a Python Package

1. Structure of a Package

A typical package structure looks like this:

Example 
my_package/
    __init__.py
    module1.py
    module2.py
  • __init__.py: File is an important part of Python packages. It is used to mark a directory as a Python package. It can be empty or contain initialization code for the package.
  • module1.py and module2.py: These are the modules within the package.

2.Creating a package

  1. Create a directory named my_package.
  2. Add the following files.
__init__.py (optional) 
print("my_package initialized")
module1.py 
# my_package/module1.py
def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"
module2.py 
# my_package/module2.py
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

Using the Package

If you want to import the entire package and use its modules.

Example 
# Importing a specific module
from my_package import module1, module2

print(module1.greet("Rocky"))  # Hello, Rocky!
print(module2.add(6, 3))       # 9

# Importing specific functions
from my_package.module1 import greet
from my_package.module2 import add

print(greet("Babu"))  # Hello, Babu!
print(add(9, 4))     # 13

Sub Packages

A sub-package is a package within another package. For example:

Example 
my_package/
    __init__.py
    module1.py
    sub_package/
        __init__.py
        module3.py
Usage 
from my_package.sub_package import module3

Installing Packages

Python provides a package manager called pip to install packages from the bundle of software to be installed

Package Installing Method 
pip install package_name
Examples of Packages 
pip install matplotlib
pip install pandas
pip install numpy
pip install scikit-learn
pip install scipy

Advantages of Python Packages

  1. Modularity: Organize related functionality in separate files.
  2. Reusability: Easily reuse modules and sub-packages in other projects.
  3. Maintainability: Easier to update and debug code in smaller, logical components.
  4. Namespace Management: Prevents name conflicts between modules with the same name in different packages.